COMPARISON OF NUCLEAR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION BETWEEN SULFUR-IODINE CYCLE OF THERMOCHEMICAL AND NATURAL GAS STEAM REFORMING PROCESS
Djati H. Salimy, Ida N. Finahari
Pusat Pengembangan Energi Nuklir (PPEN) BATAN
Jl. Abdul Rohim Kuningan Barat, Mampang Prapatan
ABSTRACT
COMPARISON OF NUCLEAR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION BETWEEN SULFUR-IODINE CYCLE OF THERMOCHEMICAL AND NATURAL GAS STEAM REFORMING PROCESS. Paper describes comparison of nuclear hydrogen production for two technology processes: thermochemical of sulfur-iodine cycle and steam reforming of natural gas. The goal of the study is to understanding production characteristic of each processes. The comparison is analyzed from the point of advantages and disadvantages, thermal efficiency, and technology statues. Steam reforming of natural gas is the proven technology, while thermochemical process is still in the stage of research and development. Thermal efficiency of steam reforming (70-76%) is about three time of electrolysis (47-52%). Preliminary estimation of production cost also showed that steam reforming is cheaper. However, from the point of raw material, thermochemical is more advantage since the unlimited and renewable raw material of water, promising the process of hydrogen production without CO2 emission. While, steam reforming depend on non renewable raw material of natural gas. For nuclear application, test production of nuclear steam reforming has been going on since the mid of 2010 and will soon be operated by 2015. Couple thermochemical process with nuclear, will conducted in the end of 2010, hope be operated by 2025. For commercial operation both of the processes still wait the commercialization of HTGR.
Keywords: steam reforming, thermochemical, thermal efficiency, HTGR
Published : Proceeding "SEMINAR NASIONAL PENGEMBANGAN ENERGI NUKLIR II 2009", Jakarta, 25 Juni 2009.
THE ASSESSMENT OF THERMODYNAMIC MODEL FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION BY IS THERMOCHEMICAL CYCLE
Itjeu Karliana
Pusat Teknologi Reaktor dan Keselamatan Nuklir (PTKRN) - BATAN
Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Gd. 80, Serpong, Tangerang, 15310
ABSTRACT
THE ASSESSMENT OF THERMODYNAMIC MODEL FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION BY IS THERMOCHEMICAL CYCLE. Thermodynamic model for hydrogen production by I-S thermochemical cycle has been studied on the Bunsen reaction. The alternative energy resource of hydrogen which water splitting is promising to produce hydrogen because it has efficient energy, environment acceptable, and competitive cost operation compared to fossil energy or renewable energy resources. For commercial scale of hydrogen production through the I-S thermochemical cycle as the aim of others. In this cycle, iodine and sulfur dioxide mixture with water forming iodide acid and sulfuric acid. Both phases to form two separated section, H2SO4: [H2SO4 + H2O]l at the upper layer and HIx : [2HI]g + [(x-1)I2]l + [H2O]l at the bottom. In the separation process known several factor has been problems, for instances: HI extraction from HIx mixture because azeotropic mixing within HIx section, solidification of iodine, and heterogenous H2O-HI-I2 ternery mixtures. In this paper are described thermodynamic model on the hydrogen production by I-S thermochemical cycle using ZRP/EoS/Gex and PR/MHV2/UNSolv combined with activity coefficient and Engel�s salvation model. The goal of assessment is to evaluate equilibrium system in HIx region of HIx : [2HI]g + [(x-1)I2]l + [H2O]l due too many dissolved fractions. From this assessment that thermodynamic model can explain the equilibrium of liquid-liquid phase and vapor-liquid phase in HIx mixture solution.
Keywords: Thermodynamic model, hydrogen production, thermochemical.
Published : Proceeding "SEMINAR NASIONAL PENGEMBANGAN ENERGI NUKLIR II 2009", Jakarta, 25 Juni 2009.
STUDY OF SILICA MEMBRANE PERFORMANCE FOR SEPARATION HYDROGEN GAS FROM THE MIXTURE OF H2-H2O-HI TO SUPPORT EFFICIENCY OF HYDROGEN PRODUCTION
Tumpal Pandiangan
PTRKN-BATAN, Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Gd. 80, Serpong, Tangerang, 15310
ABSTRACT
STUDY OF SILICA MEMBRANE PERFORMANCE FOR SEPARATION HYDROGEN GAS FROM THE MIXTURE OF H2-H2O-HI TO SUPPORT EFFICIENCY OF HYDROGEN PRODUCTION. The membrane pores Sizing can be controlled by the value of time and CVD process. That's parameters were represented by the values of selected power of the (He/N2) gas. The membranes that have controlled their pores sizing by it's parameters were tested the power selected and permeation of H2 gas from the gaseous mixtures and singular system. Related on it's observation, the value of hydrogen permeation both in mixtures and singular have the similar value that are about of 10-7mol.Pa-1.s-1. This value was generated from the S3 membrane silica type where that membranes were stopped in modification at the value of power selection gas (He/N2) was 2,8. That's fact say that the best selectivity and permeation of H2 both in gas mixtures and singular are not generated from the smallest pore size but it was generated from the S3 membrane type which the selective power is 2.8. The permeation of H2 gas is relative same for all of type membrane and this reality was predicted because the size difference of He and N2 gas is relative higher so it is not very sensitive for looking on the best permeation of membrane. The propose of this study is to add the sophisticated knowledge in a silica membrane synthesis.
Key words : Membrane, permeation, selective power, CVD, TEOS, pores
Published : Proceeding "SEMINAR NASIONAL PENGEMBANGAN ENERGI NUKLIR II 2009", Jakarta, 25 Juni 2009.
THE FEASIBILITY OF HEAT TRANSFER SYSTEM ASPECT ON VERY HIGH TEMPERATURE REACTOR (VHTR)
Sudarmono
Pusat Teknologi Reaktor dan Keselamatan Nuklir - BATAN
PTRKN-BATAN, Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Gd. 80, Serpong, Tangerang, 15310
ABSTRACT
THE FEASIBILITY of HEAT TRANSFER SYSTEM ASPECT on VERY HIGH TEMPERATURE REACTOR (VHTR). Very high temperature reactor is a generation IV reactor has been enhancing to support the innovation nuclear energy system. VHTR is a concept reactor for challenging technology goals for Generation IV nuclear energy systems and heat utility for hydrogen production and thermo-chemical applications. The VHTR is a next step in the evolutionary development of high-temperature gas cooled reactors. VHTR system are purposed to enhance of reactor safety and reliability, economics electricity production and new products, nuclear waste reduction and proliferation resistance and physical protection. Reactor operations on very high temperature give an effect for generate electricity with high efficiency, over 50%. Reactor technical specification that operated on very high temperature needs all components have to be developed for temperatures well above the present state of 1000oC. Safety aspect of reactor system should be separate against petrochemical system. As a preliminary conclusion, it�s needed to enhance the heat transfer material however to continue follow the VHTR development, by concerning to the others aspects, VHTR can be choose as an alternative to fulfill electricity and hydrogen production in Indonesia.
Key words: VHTR, concept reactor, hydrogen production, high efficiency
Published : Proceeding "SEMINAR NASIONAL PENGEMBANGAN ENERGI NUKLIR II 2009", Jakarta, 25 Juni 2009.
ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM MODELING BASED ON HTGR COGENERATION FOR ELECTRIC GENERATION AND HYDROGEN PRODUCTION
Ign. Djoko Irianto
Center For Reactor Technology and Nuclear Safety - BATAN
Kompleks Puspiptek Serpong, Tangerang Selatan
Email: igndjoko@batan.go.id
ABSTRACT
ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM MODELING BASED ON HTGR COGENERATION FOR ELECTRIC GENERATION AND HYDROGEN PRODUCTION. Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR) is a high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) which be a one of Generation IV reactors which is conceptually designed employs a helium-coolant with operating pressure 7,0 MPa and 1000 oC outlet temperature. Conceptually, VHTR is designed using cogeneration configuration for electric generation and for hydrogen production. The thermal power of the reactor could be determined according to the requirement which will be build in Bangka Belitung Province is 600 MWth. In this research, energy conversion system modeling based on HTGR cogeneration has been done in direct and indirect cycle configuration. There are two configuration in the direct cycle, which divide of the IHX and turbine in parallel or serial. With assumption of a helium-coolant used in the both side of IHX, the optimal effectiveness IHX is 0.95. Based on the effectivenes of heat exchanger, the heat transfer rate has been calculated. The system efficiency calculated for the three configuration. In generally, the efficiency of direct cycle is higher than the other. The efficiency is about 50%. Despite its low efficiency, the indirect cycle configuration obtains the highest effectiveness.
Keywords: HTGR, energy conversion system, cogeneration, effectiveness, efficiency
Published : Proceeding "SEMINAR NASIONAL PENGEMBANGAN ENERGI NUKLIR III 2010", Cilegon, Banten, 24 Juni 2010.
ASSESSMENT OF GENERATION IV REACTORS SECONDARY SYSTEM FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION
Ign. Djoko Irianto
Center for Reactor Technology and Nuclear Safety � BATAN
Kompleks Puspiptek Serpong, Tangerang Selatan
ABSTRACT
ASSESSMENT OF GENERATION IV REACTORS SECONDARY SYSTEM FOR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION. Nuclear power plans (NPP) is one of electrical generation plans which are environmental friendly. It means that NPP does not release exhaust gases contaminating environment. Continuous and increasing demand of clean energy quantitatively triggers the development of the next generation of nuclear energy systems (NES), which have to fulfill several criteria, such as economic, sustainable, safe and reliable, proliferation resistant and have physical protection concept. Nowadays, Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems consist of Gas-cooled Fast Reactor (GFR), Lead-cooled Fast Reactor (LFR), Molten Salt Reactor (MSR), Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (SFR), Super-Critical-cooled Water Reactor (SCWR), and Very High Temperature Reactor (VHTR). The application of the next generation of nuclear reactor designs or Generation IV reactors has been diversified including electricity and non-electricity. One of non electricity applications is the use of nuclear power plant for hydrogen production. There are three methods underlying the hydrogen production processes : water electrolysis, steam reforming of methane, and sulfur-iodine cycle. Parameters of efficiency, outlet temperature of secondary system, and other characteristics of secondary system make the combination of VHTR and steam reforming of methane process or VHTR and sulfur-iodine cycle process become good alternative for hydrogen production installation.
Keywords : Gen.IV Reactors, Secondary System, Hydrogen Production, VHTR, .
Published : 2007, Technical Report, Proceeding "PRESENTASI ILMIAH TEKNOLOGI KESELAMATAN NUKLIR XIII", ISSN No. : 1410-0533
PRELIMINARY STUDY ON HYDROGEN PRODUCTION PROCESS BY APPLYING VHTR REACTOR COGENERATION CONCEPT
Ign. Djoko Irianto
Center For Reactor Technology and Nuclear Safety - BATAN
Kompleks Puspiptek Serpong, Tangerang Selatan
Email: igndjoko@batan.go.id
ABSTRACT
PRELIMINARY STUDY ON HYDROGEN PRODUCTION PROCESS BY APPLYING VHTR REACTOR COGENERATION CONCEPT. Increasing demand on clean energy quantitatively triggers the development of the renewable energy systems, which have to fulfill several criteria, such as abundant, safe and sustainable. As an energy carrier, hydrogen have been more researched even used as a settled energy generation as well as movable energy generation likely used in transportation. However, the proper and economically hydrogen production process still more necessary to be assessed and researched. There are three methods underlying the hydrogen production processes: water electrolysis, steam reforming of methane, and sulfur-iodine cycle. The energy resource necessities to the hydrogen production process supplied by fossil fuel combustion, resulting in the total efficiency are decreased. This paper explains the assessment of feasibility of several hydrogen production processes using nuclear energy. As a nuclear energy resource, the very high temperature reactor (VHTR) is used. VHTR is one of the six generation IV reactor concepts. The assessment are stressed in the comparison of the advantage and disadvantage for each hydrogen production process coupled with the reactor system of the VHTR as the concept of cogeneration, and the comparison of the efficiency of each process. The result shows that VHTR reactor cogeneration concept combined with sulfur-iodine cycle process become good alternative for hydrogen production installation.
Keyword : Hydrogen Production, cogeneration, very high temperature reactor, efficiency.
Published : Proceeding "SEMINAR NASIONAL PENGEMBANGAN ENERGI NUKLIR II 2009", Jakarta, 25 Juni 2009.
